Spatiotemporal Changes in Precipitation during the Summer Maize Growing Season in the North China Plain and Analysis of Its Causes

The North China Plain is an important summer maize production region in China. Investigating spatiotemporal variation patterns of precipitation during the growing season will guide prevention droughts and floods ensure food production. Daily data from 1960–2020 were used to analyze changes precipitation, examine migration barycenters, quantitatively effects ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) warm cold events on characteristics. Results revealed that past 61 years, showed insignificant decreasing trend; however, there considerable differences detected spatial distribution layouts between different developmental stages. layout sowing–jointing stage was mainly “North–South”, zero contour near 36° N, other stages “global” with phases opposite one another. Moreover, barycenter jointing–flowering a significant southward migration. Precipitation three negatively correlated events, flowering–maturation positively relationship intensity not significant, Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) main climatic factor affected maize-growing Plain.